Process of producing gas



ct. 16,1923. 19 m w. E. KARNS PROCESS OF PRODUCING GAS Filed March 5, 1919 INVENTOR.

W/urEe 5 W I /vs,

A TTORNEYS oi 'atented'fi ct. 1 5 19 23.

PAT j ()7 not;

WALTER E.IKARl '\TS ,-:GF oiireimtAzet-'o io, Asstnome? ONE-EIGHTgI'Td ni-ni'wnn- I [*-LACE;QEfINDIANAEOLIg INDIAIEAP. I

1 Pn'ooEss on-rnonuoInG eels;

Appfi'eatimi fi led. mini 3, 19 19 7 Serial m. 280,392.

.2 o' al'l'w 750471; it may colitoem I citizen of the United States, residing. at Gineinnuti, in the countyof fiaini'ltonandistate 5 of Ohio, have inventedeertainnew and use fullniproyenients in Processes ofProduciiig Gas,- of which the following a speci 'iieation.

" My invention "*re'l'at'es to fuel gas producutilizefoelc iun carbide 'bif' other 'ioa bidefas asoiireexofsueli will hereinafter" be fully de e b i 1 'The. single featu of tlledlfawihg is a diagrammatic elevation; of" apparatu jsfuit able for performing-f the process,"represented coniiniiigl'e'd, and 'plaieed in" fat perforated container 1, looatedlin" a relatiyelyTl'arge oont'aine f is lp refei bjly open "so that liquids may be inti'oduced'dirjeetly on the charge of carbide and sodium bicarb nate iii the eohtainer;

' An important Step" off the' pr'ocess is'ithe progressive introduction"of a mixtureof waiter and Volatile ebn' v as denatured aleo'liol, nitoaim tufre Of' ca bide andsodium hicatidoo'i'ia'te.

7 w Ji Thewater and volatil elconibustibleliquid e e placled in separate tanks?) and 4 and are fed into the niixlngchaniber through Common pipe 5, and mixed while pzissing through this pipee'; the proportionof each being regulated by the valves 6 and 7. The

mixture from the pipe T5 is, discharged.

directly into the container 1, for rapid gas generation; but should it; be desired to lowered along the central upright rod in the mixing chamber and the liquidmixture from the pipe, by defiectingthe bent end a h part o1 this pipe, is disoharged'directly into "the mixing ohamberto one side of the con 5 tainer 1, so that, as the mixture slowly rises 7 r atus'is' si" lieftothat dis'olosed'and claimed I busti lqle liquid, "such;

slowly generatethe gas, the container .lis

i in the Chiinibeflithe:Carbide and "sodium f'bijcai'bon'ate ,Will be: slowly: acted 'up'onby the slowlyifi'sii gmixture. t I

' The preien-ed c'oiiip'osition' fof'the" inside;

Container "charge is as] follows v I p Calcium carbide ii A8 drums,

Sodiun lbibarbonatm 5 drains.

These pfopoi'tions oithfcaibide ands'odium -bicarbonatesalt are thoroughly co nmiirigled 7 before beingapplied to use, i

The preferred composition" of the liquid mixture is as follows 1 Vt the? y i; y I Q TI e Sodiuuiibicarbonatejin th Cathie-e will liberate carbon dioxide gas, which being 'iiiei't, will 02 use pores "to form through the i5 "ounees;

'sjejdiinent of the carbide, witliout'liability of explosion from its liioreased v p iess'iijrefjas "is the "case with th e highlycombustible acetylene gas. "The. liquid"mixture peicoletes through these ores these fals'ojoonstituting escape openiiigsfot the ajeetylenegasyto prevent" pockets forming, which is a common d-ifii'culty in the production of eel-bide gases ordinarily. YVhere: the openingsale not formed, partial confinement of the "gases in the accumulated sediment in "the jlowei? per tion' of the mixing chamber;"withiise' in so e pressureand consequent spontaneous heat through the acuinuletfi on of sediment and peTmittingVthe p'e 'eolation" of) the a ol h the 'p'oresgfto volat lize tlije'iei J33. ,iulai permittingthe escape of the aeetylen and I alcohol yap'or from" the sediment; this obje ctioi ebleieat" e'is?elimiiiat'edgf 7 v as} the liquid" ni izitiire'fis properly fed into the n ixing chamber. The sodium hic ar- .bo'nate and the alcohol also, by the expan sien of alcohol vapoifand carbon dioxide] 7 gas therein, prevent caking o'fthe sediment in the lower portion'of the'mixing chamber I and retain this sediment in [coarse sandy "crystalline oi mobile state. i

ment interstices, end'its participation'with those gases in the momentary'slight pressure rise incident to the liberation of all oif them, 'lm

results in a verythorough intermingling of the particles of the acetylene and alcohol vapor. I 7 7 Upon complete liberation from the'sediment, therefore, there is a thorough and practically homogeneous mixture of acetylene gas and alcohol vapor. 'The alcohol, by latent heat of vaporization, has materially reduced the initial sensible'heat of the mixture. 5 V

Moreover, by initially using a salt that is effervescent when heated above ordinary temperature, such as sodium bicarbonate, rath'erthan a basic salt, as sodium carbon ate, the required relatively slightefferves cent action is produced-in the sediment under the spontaneous heat action of the carbide-and-water decomposition, and the basic residue is left insuch a state as to attract any sulphuretting or phosphoretting impurities and thus minimize these impurities in the final mixture. i

To guard againstthe possibility of the volatilec'ombustible liquid failing to properly feed into the mixing chamber, which would result in the aforedescribed rapid increase in temperature in the gas, and which, if notdetected in time, might, by spontaneous combustion and explosion, result: in the destruction, or injury-of the mixing chamber and storage tank 8 at tached thereto, anemergency tank 9 is provided in which is storeda quantity of a volatile combustible liquid miscible, with water but inert tothe carbide, as denatured alcohol, for example, which will discharge into the carbide within. the con tainer in'suflicient volume to practically stop the generation of gas and instantly lower the temperature ofv the gas in the mixing chamber and tank connected thereto. The admission of the volatile combustible liquid from the tank 9 is controlled by a valve 10, and this valve is normally controlled through the medium of a thermof stat 11 and heat-influenced gauge '12 which is electrically connected to the thermostat;

a cable 13 extending from the thermostat" to the lever 14 of the valve 10. so that when the thermostat is influenced, the valve 10 will be openedto admit liquid from the tank9. If it is desiredtosuddenly stop the formation of gas, the water and volatile combustible liquid fromthe tanks 3 and 4 maybe shut off from'the container byclos ing the valve 15 in the pipe 5, and then manually opening the valve 10 to admit a quantity of the liquid from the tank 9. The

excess volume of volatile combustible liquid from the tank 9 not only stops the formactionof gas from the carbide, but preserves the same in its natural state until, when it is desired again to produce gas, it readlly permits' the water and volatile combustible liquid mixture t he again brought into con tact with; the carbide, since it is readily miscible with the water. v

Variationsj of the proportions, or subst'itution of equivalent ingredients, with or withoutfvariatioii of'proportions, as well as variations in the apparatus and mode of operation may "occur in adapting the invention to different uses, or under different conditions, and therefore, while certain lIlfljThe process of producing gas, com-;

prising the mixture 'of water and alcohol withamixture of carbide'and sodium bicarbonate. I i i 2. The. process of producing gas, comprising the mixture, in substantially the following proportions, by weight, of: calcium carbide, 48. parts; sodium bicarbonate, 5 parts; alcohol, 8 parts; and water, 40 parts.

3. The'process of producing gas, comprising the liberationof carbon-dioxide gas from sodium bicarbonate, along wlth the decomposition of water and carbide, in the mass of carbide, under the action of the.

heat of said decomposition. o In witness whereof, I have hereunto afiixed my signature. 7

WALTER ARNS. 

